Tswj hwm AI agent rau cov lag luam me tsis yog pib ntawm kev xaiv tus qauv AI uas muaj zog tshaj, tiam sis pib ntawm lo lus nug no: agent tau tso cai ua dab tsi, nyob rau hauv thaj tsam twg, thiab leej twg yuav lav ris thaum muaj teeb meem? Rau cov lag luam uas muaj cov neeg IT tsawg, txoj hauv kev siv tau tshaj yog tsim peb txheej kev tswj: daim phiaj cai, txheej txheem human in the loop rau tej kev nqis tes uas rhiab heev thiab ib phau ntawv teev kev ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab tau.
Kab lus no muab ib lub moj khaum siv tau yooj yim: faib tej kev nqis tes raws li kev pheej hmoo, muab cai tsawg kawg nkaus, txiav txim seb yuav tsum pom zoo thaum txog qib twg, thiab tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv teev tseg tsis tu ncua. Txoj kev no haum rau kev muag khoom, kev saib xyuas neeg siv khoom, kev suav nyiaj, kev ua haujlwm sab hauv thiab cov agent uas txuas rau CRM, email, chaw khaws ntaub ntawv lossis software tswj haujlwm.
Tswj hwm AI agent rau cov lag luam me pib ntawm daim phiaj cai
AI agent txawv ntawm chatbot ib txwm vim nws tuaj yeem nyeem ntaub ntawv, hu cov cuab yeej thiab ua tej haujlwm hloov chaw tus neeg siv. Yog li, lub lag luam tsis tsim nyog muab ib tus account tswj hwm dav dav rau agent thiab vam tias cov lus qhia yuav txwv nws tus cwj pwm tau xwb. OWASP ceeb toom tias qhov kev pheej hmoo “excessive agency” tshwm sim thaum cov cuab yeej lossis cov txheej txheem sab nraud muab cai ntau dua li qhov tsim nyog; txoj kev tsim nyog yog txwv cai, yuam kom ua haujlwm raws li tus neeg siv lub ntsiab lus thiab thov kev pom zoo rau tej kev nqis tes uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj (raws li OWASP GenAI Security Project).
Faib tej kev nqis tes ua plaub theem kev pheej hmoo
| Theem | Hom kev nqis tes | Piv txwv | Cai pom zoo | Kev pom zoo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 – Nyeem nkaus xwb | Nrhiav ntaub ntawv, sau ntsiab lus | Nyeem FAQ, nrhiav daim ntawv xaj, sau cov ntawv ceeb toom ua ke | Nyeem nkaus xwb, txwv qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv | Tsis tas yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis rhiab |
| 1 – Sau qauv ntawv | Tsim cov ntsiab lus tab sis tseem tsis tau xa | Sau qauv email, nqe lus muag, ntawv teev kev sib tham | Tso cai tsim qauv ntawv, tsis tso cai xa lossis tshaj tawm | Tus neeg saib xyuas tshuaj xyuas |
| 2 – Hloov tau thiab thim rov qab tau | Hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm | Ntaus cim rau neeg siv, tsim haujlwm yuav ua, hloov kho xwm txheej | Tsuas hloov tau cov kab lus teev tseg, thiab muaj kev txwv tus naj npawb | Tuaj yeem siv tshuab yog txoj cai meej thiab muaj peev xwm thim rov qab tau |
| 3 – Muaj kev cuam tshuam siab | Kev lag luam, tshaj tawm rau sawv daws lossis rho ntaub ntawv | Xa email coob leej, thim nyiaj, rho ntaub ntawv, hloov nyiaj hli | Tsis muab cia ua ntej; yuav tsum muaj cai raws ib zaug ua haujlwm lossis raws ib txoj haujlwm | Yuav tsum muaj tus muaj cai pom zoo |
Daim phiaj saum toj no yuav tsum muab sau ua ntaub ntawv raug cai, tsis yog cia nyob hauv prompt xwb. Txhua kab yuav tsum muaj lub npe agent, tus tswv, cov txheej txheem txuas nrog, cov ntaub ntawv uas nyeem tau, cov kev nqis tes uas ua tau, tus naj npawb hu uas txwv, thiab txoj kev thim cai.
Siv txoj cai muab cai tsawg kawg nkaus
- Siv ib tus account lossis ib tus kheej qhia npe cais rau txhua tus agent, tsis txhob siv tus account tswj hwm uas cov neeg ua haujlwm sib koom.
- Cais cai nyeem thiab cai sau. Agent saib xyuas neeg siv yuav nyeem tau keeb kwm yuav khoom, tab sis tsis tsim nyog hloov tus nqi lossis thim nyiaj nws tus kheej.
- Txwv raws li peev txheej: nplaub tshev, phiaj xwm ntaub ntawv, xwm txheej daim ntawv xaj lossis ib pawg neeg siv uas tau teev tseg.
- Txwv raws sijhawm: cai sau tsuas siv tau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm lossis ib ntus luv xwb.
- Teem txwv: naj npawb email xa tau, tus nqi lag luam, naj npawb ntaub ntawv hloov tau thiab zaus hu API.
- Thim cai tam sim ntawd ntawm agent uas tsis muaj tus saib xyuas lawm, tsis siv lawm lossis muaj cim txawv txav.
Cov platform tswj agent niaj hnub no feem ntau cais tus agent lub npe, cov cai uas tus neeg siv tso cai thiab phau ntawv teev kev nkag mus. Qhov no yog ib tug qauv zoo rau cov lag luam me kawm siv, txawm koj siv SaaS, server ntiag tug lossis workflow uas koj tsim koj tus kheej (raws li Google Cloud IAM).
Tsim txheej txheem kev pom zoo human in the loop

Human in the loop tsis txhais tias tib neeg yuav tsum pom zoo txhua lo lus teb. Yog txheej txheem yuam kom pom zoo txawm yog tsuas nrhiav ntaub ntawv daim ntawv xaj xwb, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsis ntev yuav hla dhau cov lus ceeb toom. Lub hom phiaj yog coj tib neeg los rau qhov chaw uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tiag: ua ntej kev nqis tes uas thim tsis tau, cuam tshuam nyiaj txiag, ntaub ntawv tus kheej, koob meej lossis cai nkag mus.
Teem qib kev pom zoo kom meej
Koj siv tau plaub lo lus nug hauv qab no los txiav txim:
- Qhov kev nqis tes puas hloov cov ntaub ntawv qub lossis xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam?
- Qhov kev nqis tes puas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj nyiaj txiag, raws cai lossis koob meej?
- Qhov kev nqis tes puas cuam tshuam rau ntaub ntawv tus kheej, nyiaj hli, ntawv cog lus lossis ntaub ntawv zais cia?
- Yog agent ua yuam kev, lub lag luam puas tuaj yeem thim rov qab tau hauv ob peb feeb?
Yog ib qho ntawm peb lo lus nug xub thawj teb tias “yog”, thov kom muaj kev pom zoo lossis txwv agent kom nyob rau theem sau qauv ntawv xwb. Yog lo lus nug thib plaub teb tias “tsis tau”, tsim nyog siv kev pom zoo yuam kev txawm tus nqi lag luam me los xij.
Ib qho qauv txheej txheem kev pom zoo siv tau
- Agent tshuaj xyuas qhov kev thov thiab tsim daim phiaj kev nqis tes.
- Lub kaw lus tshuaj xyuas txoj cai: tus kheej qhia npe, peev txheej, hom ntaub ntawv, txwv nyiaj lossis naj npawb thiab qib kev pheej hmoo.
- Yog qhov kev nqis tes nyob rau qib 0 lossis 1, tus agent tseem ua tau hauv thaj tsam uas tau tso cai.
- Yog nyob rau qib 2, lub kaw lus yuav kuaj cov xwm txheej uas siv tshuab, xws li tus nqi qis dua qhov txwv thiab muaj lub pob thim rov qab.
- Yog nyob rau qib 3, yuav tsim daim ntawv thov kev pom zoo uas muaj tus thov, cov ntaub ntawv nkag, qhov kev nqis tes npaj yuav ua, kev cuam tshuam thiab lub sijhawm siv tau.
- Tus neeg pom zoo xaiv pom zoo, tsis pom zoo lossis thov kom hloov kho. Qhov tshwm sim yuav raug sau rau hauv phau ntawv teev tseg.
- Tus agent tsuas ua raws nraim li qhov kev nqis tes uas tau pom zoo lawm xwb; txhua yam hloov hauv thaj tsam yuav tsum tsim daim ntawv thov tshiab.
Tsis tsim nyog cia tus agent txhais ib lo lus “pom zoo” dav dav ua cai ua txhua yam kev nqis tes tom ntej. Kev pom zoo yuav tsum txuas nrog ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb, ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb. OWASP kuj pom zoo kom thov tus neeg siv pom zoo ua ntej cov kev nqis tes uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj, tshwj xeeb thaum tus agent muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm, xa tawm lossis hloov cov txheej txheem sab nraud (raws li OWASP GenAI Security Project).
Phau ntawv teev kev ua haujlwm thiab daim ntawv txheeb xyuas kev ruaj ntseg ntawm AI agent
Phau ntawv teev tseg tsis yog siv los nrhiav teeb meem tom qab muaj xwm txheej xwb. Rau cov lag luam me, nws kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev teb tau sai rau cov lus nug: tus agent tau nyeem cov ntaub ntawv twg, tau ua qhov kev nqis tes twg, leej twg tso cai thiab vim li cas lub kaw lus thiaj tso cai?
Cov nqe lus tsawg kawg uas yuav tsum tau sau
- Lub sijhawm raws li ib cheeb tsam sijhawm uas tau sib koom siv.
- Tus lej zaug siv, tus lej haujlwm thiab tus qauv ntawm tus agent lossis workflow.
- Tus kheej ntawm tus neeg siv uas pib thiab tus kheej ntawm tus agent uas ua.
- Lub cuab yeej, API lossis lub kaw lus hom phiaj uas raug hu.
- Hom kev nqis tes: nyeem, tsim, kho, xa, rho tawm lossis muab cai.
- Thaj tsam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab peev txheej uas raug nkag mus.
- Qhov tshwm sim, tus lej yuam kev, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas raug cuam tshuam thiab xwm txheej ntawm kev thim rov qab yog muaj.
- Daim ntawv thov kev pom zoo, tus neeg pom zoo, lub sijhawm pom zoo thiab qhov kev txiav txim.
- Cov lus ceeb toom txog kev ruaj ntseg xws li prompt injection, dhau qhov txwv, tsis pub nkag lossis cov ntaub ntawv rhiab.
Tsis tsim nyog sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv zais cia lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg siv khoom rau hauv log yog tsis tsim nyog. Cia li khaws tus lej siv, daim qauv luv lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas tau npog cov ntsiab lus rhiab lawm. Phau ntawv teev tseg yuav tsum muaj cai nkag sib cais, lub sijhawm khaws cia tsim nyog thiab ib txoj kev tiv thaiv kev hloov kho. Cov txheej txheem IAM niaj hnub no feem ntau cais log ntawm kev tswj hwm nrog log ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv; lub lag luam yuav tsum khaws ob hom no thaum tus agent nyeem lossis sau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb (raws li Google Cloud Audit Logging).
Daim ntawv txheeb xyuas txhua hli
- Puas tau sau npe tag nrho cov agent, lawv cov tswv thiab cov txheej txheem uas txuas nrog lawm?
- Tus agent twg tab tom muaj cai ntau dua li nws txoj haujlwm tiag tiag?
- Puas muaj cov as khauj, API yuam sij lossis token uas tsis siv lawm tab sis tseem tsis tau thim rov qab?
- Puas tau yuam kom muaj kev pom zoo rau cov kev nqis tes xa email, thim nyiaj, rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab hloov cai lawm?
- Puas tuaj yeem taug rov qab los ntawm ib qho kev hloov hauv CRM lossis accounting mus rau tus neeg siv thiab tus agent uas tau ua qhov ntawd?
- Puas sau meej tus qauv workflow hauv phau ntawv teev tseg kom rov tsim tau qhov xwm txheej?
- Puas tau sim qhov xwm txheej uas tus agent tau txais lus txib phem los ntawm email, ntaub ntawv lossis vev xaib lawm?
- Puas tau kuaj qhov txwv, txoj kev nres ceev thiab qhov muaj peev xwm thim rov qab lawm?
NIST pom zoo kom cov koom haum kho qib kev saib xyuas raws li kev pheej hmoo, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm tib neeg, kev taug qab thiab kev sau ntaub ntawv rau cov txheej txheem tsim AI (raws li NIST AI RMF: Generative AI Profile). Rau cov lag luam me, koj tsis tas yuav tsim ib lub chaw saib xyuas nyuaj txij thaum pib. Pib nrog ib daim ntawv teev npe agent, ib daim phiaj cai, ob peb theem kev pom zoo uas yuav tsum muaj thiab ib daim ntawv qhia log txhua lub lim tiam.
Lus pom zoo rau kev siv: Hauv 30 hnubแรก, cia tus agent tsuas nyeem cov ntaub ntawv thiab tsim daim qauv xwb. Tom qab kuaj phau ntawv teev tseg lawm, ntxiv cov kev nqis tes uas thim rov qab tau. Tsuas qhib cai xa, rho tawm, ua lag luam lossis muab cai thaum muaj tus neeg saib xyuas, qhov txwv meej, kev pom zoo uas yuav tsum muaj thiab lub pob nres ceev. Txoj kev maj mam ua ib qib zuj zus no qeeb dua li qhib tag nrho cov cai, tab sis pab koj tswj tau tus nqi, teeb meem thiab lub luag haujlwm thaum AI agent nthuav dav.

