Lo lus teb luv luv: Kom Google thiaj crawl tau lub website, ua ntej txheeb xyuas lub website hauv Google Search Console, xyuas kom cov URL uas sawv daws nkag tau rov qab cov ntsiab lus raug cai, thiab tsis raug robots.txt lossis noindex thaiv, xa sitemap thiab tsim cov kev txuas sab hauv mus rau cov nplooj ntawv tseem ceeb. Tom qab ntawd siv URL Inspection mus kuaj txhua URL uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ua ntej.
Search Console tsis yog lub cuab yeej uas crawl ntaub ntawv. Googlebot yog tus txheej txheem uas nkag mus rau lub website. Kev xa sitemap lossis thov kom muab tso rau hauv index tsuas tsim ib qho cim qhia thiab ib qho kev thov kom ua tiav xwb; Google tsis tau lees tias txhua URL yuav raug crawl, muab tso rau hauv index lossis tau qeb duas.
Cais kom meej ntawm crawling, indexing thiab kev tshwm sim hauv Google
- Crawling: Googlebot nkag mus rau URL thiab rub nws cov ntsiab lus.
- Indexing: Google txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus thiab cov cim qhia uas cuam tshuam, ces txiav txim seb puas yuav khaws URL ntawd rau hauv nws lub index.
- Kev tshwm sim hauv cov txiaj ntsig tshawb nrhiav: Google xaiv nplooj ntawv uas haum rau txhua lo lus nug tshawb nrhiav. Txawm ib URL twb nyob hauv index lawm los, nws tseem yuav tsis tshwm rau saum toj lossis yuav tsis tshwm rau txhua lo lus tseem ceeb.
Yog li, qhov ceeb toom tias “xa sitemap lawm” lossis “Google twb paub URL lawm” tseem tsis txhais tias nplooj ntawv twb nyob hauv index. Tom qab kho qhov teeb meem, kev ua tiav yuav siv sijhawm thiab tsis muaj lus lees tias yuav tiav thaum twg (raws li Google Search Central).
Kuaj lub website ua ntej ntxiv rau Search Console
Ua cov kev kuaj hauv qab no hauv ib lub browser ntiag tug thiab tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv tus account. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev sim uas ze dua li tus neeg siv ib txwm nkag mus rau lub website.
URL yuav tsum sawv daws nkag tau thiab rov qab cov ntsiab lus raug cai
Qhib ib qho URL kom tiav, piv txwv li:
https://example.com/bai-viet-moi/Nplooj ntawv yuav tsum qhib tau yam tsis thov password, tsis txhob hloov chaw mus los tsis kawg thiab tsis txhob rov qab server error. Tus 200 yog ib qho cim uas nquag pom ntawm nplooj ntawv uas nkag tau tiav; tus 3xx, 4xx lossis 5xx yuav tsum raug kuaj raws li lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (raws li Google Search Central).
Yog koj muaj cai siv Terminal lossis Command Prompt, khiav cov lus txib hauv qab no hauv koj lub computer thiab hloov https://example.com/bai-viet-moi/ nrog URL tiag:
curl -I -L --max-redirs 5 "https://example.com/bai-viet-moi/"Qhov txiaj ntsig yuav tsum xaus nrog ib qho lus teb qhia tias ua tiav xws li HTTP/2 200 lossis HTTP/1.1 200 OK. Yog ntsib DNS error, kuaj DNS records thiab lub npe domain; yog ntsib connection error lossis 5xx, kuaj server, firewall lossis qhov kev pabcuam hosting. Lo lus txib no tsuas kuaj HTTP response xwb; nws tsis hloov tau URL Inspection.
Kuaj robots.txt thiab noindex
Qhib qhov chaw nyob hauv qab no thiab hloov lub domain piv txwv nrog lub domain tiag:
https://example.com/robots.txtTxoj cai hauv qab no thaiv Googlebot kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau tag nrho lub website:
User-agent: *
Disallow: /Yog koj xav kom Google crawl ib nplooj ntawv, xyuas kom txoj kev ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawd tsis nyob hauv ib txoj cai Disallow uas tsis yog koj lub hom phiaj. Hauv HTML source code, nrhiav qhov lus qhia no:
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">Rho tawm noindex los sis hloov qhov kev teeb tsa sib raug hauv lub content management system yog tias nplooj ntawv yuav tsum tshwm hauv Google. Kuj xyuas HTTP header X-Robots-Tag, vim tias lub tshuab server kuj xa tau qhov lus qhia no los hloov HTML tag. Tsis txhob thaiv URL los ntawm robots.txt thiab tib lub sijhawm cia siab tias Google tseem yuav nyeem tau noindex: thaum raug thaiv, Google yuav tsis pom lub lus qhia ntawd (raws li Google Search Central).
Rau WordPress, kuj xyuas seem Settings > Reading thiab kev teeb tsa indexing hauv SEO plugin. Koj kuj nyeem tau phau ntawv qhia SEO website rau cov pib tshiab kom rov xyuas cov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub platform.
Ntxiv thiab txheeb xyuas website hauv Google Search Console
Nkag mus rau Search Console siv Google account uas muaj cai tswj website, ces xaiv Add property. Muaj ob hom property tseem ceeb:
| Hom property | Thaum twg tsim nyog siv | Txoj kev txheeb xyuas uas nquag siv |
|---|---|---|
| Domain property | Taug qab tag nrho lub domain, suav nrog HTTP, HTTPS, www thiab cov subdomain. | Ntxiv TXT record rau hauv DNS. |
| URL-prefix property | Taug qab ib qho URL prefix tshwj xeeb, xws li https://example.com/. | HTML file, HTML tag, Google Analytics lossis Google Tag Manager, nyob ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa. |
Yog koj muaj peev xwm kho DNS, Domain property feem ntau yooj yim dua vim nws suav tau ntau yam URL. Yog koj tseem tsis tau muaj cai siv DNS, URL-prefix property yog qhov kev xaiv siv tau. Sau kom raug lub protocol thiab domain: https://example.com/ txawv ntawm http://example.com/, thiab www.example.com txawv example.com hauv URL-prefix property (raws li Google Search Console Help).
Txheeb xyuas los ntawm DNS
- Xaiv Domain thiab sau lub domain tseem ceeb, piv txwv
example.com. - Luam TXT record uas Search Console muab, tsis txhob kho tus nqi ntawd ntawm koj tus kheej.
- Qhib nplooj tswj DNS ntawm koj tus neeg muab domain.
- Tsim TXT record raws nraim li lub npe thiab tus nqi uas tau muab. Yog lub interface thov daim teb Host lossis Name, ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm tus neeg muab DNS.
- Rov qab mus rau Search Console thiab xaiv Verify.
Yog tseem txheeb xyuas tsis tau tam sim ntawd, tos kom DNS hloov tshiab ces sim dua. Kev txheeb xyuas tsuas muab cai siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej hauv Search Console xwb; nws tsis ua rau URL raug index cia li lossis txhim kho ranking.
Xa sitemap kom raug
Sitemap yog ib daim file teev cov URL uas koj xav kom Google nrhiav pom. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig rau website tshiab, website uas muaj URL ntau, lossis website uas cov kev txuas sab hauv tseem tsis muaj zog. Sitemap tsuas yog ib qho cim qhia xwb; nws tsis lav tias txhua URL yuav raug rub los nyeem lossis raug index (raws li Google Search Central).
Rau ntau lub content management system, sitemap nyob ntawm ib qho ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv qab no:
https://example.com/sitemap.xml
https://example.com/sitemap_index.xmlQhib qhov chaw nyob uas haum ncaj qha thiab xyuas kom file rub tau. Sitemap yuav tsum muaj cov URL tseem ceeb, uas pej xeem nkag tau, tsis xa qhov yuam kev, thiab siv tib hom URL li cov kev txuas sab hauv, xws li HTTPS.
- Xaiv property kom raug hauv Search Console.
- Qhib Sitemaps.
- Sau feem path uas nyob tom qab domain, piv txwv
sitemap_index.xml. - Xaiv Submit.
- Nyeem qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tiav thiab tus naj npawb URL uas tau nrhiav pom.
Yog sitemap qhia tias muaj yuam kev, qhib cov lus qhia ntxaws txog qhov yuam kev es tsis txhob xa dua tas li. Cov laj thawj uas nquag pom muaj xws li sitemap tsis muaj nyob, server muaj teeb meem, URL tsis nyob hauv property, URL raug thaiv, lossis sitemap siv ib qho version txawv ntawm lub website tiag.
Kuaj thiab thov kom muab ib qho URL tso rau hauv index
Txhawm rau kuaj ib nplooj ntawv, qhib Search Console, xaiv property kom raug, ces muab tag nrho URL tso rau hauv lub npov kuaj nyob rau sab saud. Yog koj nyuam qhuav hloov nplooj ntawv, xaiv Test live URL. Thaum qhov kev kuaj dhau, koj yuav xaiv tau Request indexing rau ib qho URL tseem ceeb.
| Yam yuav kuaj | Qhov txiaj ntsig uas yuav tsum pom | Yog tsis dhau |
|---|---|---|
| Crawl allowed? | Yes | Kuaj robots.txt, firewall thiab cov tshuab tiv thaiv bot. |
| Page fetch | Successful | Kuaj DNS, server, kev redirect thiab HTTP code. |
| Indexing allowed? | Yes | Kuaj meta robots, X-Robots-Tag thiab CMS cov kev teeb tsa. |
URL Inspection qhia tias Google paub dab tsi txog URL thiab tso cai rau koj kuaj qhov version uas tab tom ua haujlwm. Tom qab kho qhov yuam kev, khiav live test ua ntej, mam li thov kom muab tso rau hauv index (raws li Google Search Console Help).
Tsis txhob xa qhov kev thov rov ua dua ntau zaus. Lub cuab yeej muaj kev txwv, thiab kev xa dua ntau zaus tsis ua rau URL yuav raug crawl sai dua. Yog muaj ntau URL, kho qhov laj thawj hauv theem website thiab siv sitemap.
Pab Google nrhiav thiab xaiv qhov version ntawm URL kom raug
Txhua nplooj ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ib qho internal link los ntawm homepage, pawg ntsiab lus lossis ib tsab xov xwm uas cuam tshuam. Qhov link yuav tsum yog ib qho HTML element uas siv tus qauv:
<a href="https://example.com/huong-dan-seo/">Hướng dẫn SEO</a>Tsis txhob cia siab rau JavaScript nkaus xwb yog tias nws tsis tsim ib qho URL uas pom meej hauv HTML uas twb render lawm. Kuj tsis txhob muab cov URL lim lossis URL muaj parameter ntau dhau tso rau hauv sitemap yog tias cov ntawd tsis yog cov nplooj ntawv ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
Yog ib qho ntsiab lus muaj ntau URL, xaiv thiab siv ib qho version tseem ceeb kom zoo ib yam, xws li HTTPS thiab ib txoj cai uas zoo ib yam txog slash kawg ntawm URL. Hauv ntu <head>, nplooj ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tshaj tawm tau tias:
<link rel="canonical" href="https://example.com/bai-viet-moi/">Canonical URL yuav tsum yog ib qho URL tag nrho thiab phim URL tseem ceeb hauv sitemap, internal links thiab redirects. Tsis txhob siv robots.txt los tswj canonical, vim kev thaiv URL yuav ua rau Google nyeem tsis tau cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum muab los sib piv.
Tus txheej txheem siv tiag rau ib tsab xov xwm tshiab
Piv txwv, koj nyuam qhuav tshaj tawm https://example.com/huong-dan-a/. Ua raws li cov kauj ruam no:
- Qhib URL hauv private browsing thiab xyuas kom tsis tas login.
- Kuaj kom nplooj ntawv xa rov qab cov ntsiab lus, tsis yog 404 error lossis redirect yuam kev.
- Kuaj kom tsis muaj
noindexhauv HTML lossis HTTP header. - Xyuas kom robots.txt tsis thaiv txoj kev ntawm URL ntawd.
- Kuaj kom URL ntawd tshwm hauv sitemap.
- Ntxiv ib qho link los ntawm ib nplooj ntawv uas cuam tshuam thiab twb nkag tau lawm.
- Khiav Test live URL hauv URL Inspection.
- Yog cov xwm txheej tau raws li yuav tsum tau, xaiv Request indexing ib zaug xwb.
- Ua raws Page indexing es tsis txhob tshawb nrhiav tsab xov xwm lub npe tas li.
Tshawb nrhiav qhov laj thawj thaum lub website tseem tsis tau raug tso rau hauv index
| Qhov tsos mob | Laj thawj uas yuav muaj | Txoj kev daws |
|---|---|---|
| Tsis paub txog URL | Google tseem tsis tau nrhiav pom URL lossis sitemap tseem tsis tau raug ua tiav. | Kuaj sitemap thiab ntxiv internal link. |
| Raug robots.txt thaiv | Txoj cai Disallow siv tsis raug. | Kho robots.txt ces khiav qhov live test dua. |
| Nrhiav tau lawm tab sis tseem tsis tau muab tso rau hauv index | Google twb paub URL lawm, tab sis tseem tsis tau xaiv los ua, lossis tseem tab tom tshuaj xyuas lwm yam cim qhia. | Tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus, ua kom URL ruaj khov, ntxiv cov kev txuas sab hauv thiab tos kom lub kaw lus ua tiav kev tshuaj xyuas. |
| Tau sau cov ntaub ntawv lawm tab sis tseem tsis tau muab tso rau hauv index | Tej zaum muaj cov ntsiab lus rov ua dua, cov cim canonical tsis sib haum, lossis cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tsis meej txaus. | Sib piv cov ntsiab lus, canonical, kev hloov chaw thiab cov qauv URL uas rov ua dua. |
| URL hloov chaw muaj canonical haum | Google xaiv lwm URL ua tus qauv sawv cev. | Sib piv canonical, sitemap, cov kev txuas sab hauv thiab kev hloov chaw. |
| “URL is not on Google” | URL tseem tsis tau muab tso rau hauv index; tsab xov no ib leeg tsis yog pov thawj tias website raug nplua. | Qhib cov laj thawj ntxaws, kho raws li qhov laj thawj tiag thiab sim dua. |
Tej yam uas tsis tsim nyog ua
- Tsis txhob thaiv tag nrho website siv
robots.txtces cia siab tias Google tseem yuav nyeem tau cov ntsiab lus. - Tsis txhob tso
noindexrau ntawm nplooj ntawv uas koj xav kom tshwm sim. - Tsis txhob xa cov lus thov URL Inspection rov ua dua ntau zaus ua ib pawg.
- Tsis txhob muab URL uas muaj yuam kev, URL hloov chaw lossis URL rov ua dua tso rau hauv sitemap ua tus URL tseem ceeb.
- Tsis txhob xam tias sitemap tau txais lawm yog pov thawj tias website twb muab tso rau hauv index lawm.
- Tsis txhob rho DNS record lossis verification tag tawm yog tias tseem xav tau kev nkag mus rau Search Console.
Daim ntawv txheeb xyuas tias ua tiav lawm
- Xaiv Domain property lossis URL-prefix property kom raug lawm.
- Tau txheeb xyuas txoj cai ua tswv cuab lawm.
- Website qhib rau sawv daws, HTTPS ua haujlwm thiab nplooj ntawv tseem ceeb xa cov ntsiab lus raug lawm.
- Robots.txt tsis thaiv URL uas yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv index yuam kev.
- Nplooj ntawv uas xav kom tshwm sim tsis muaj
noindexyam uas tsis tau npaj tseg. - Canonical, sitemap, kev hloov chaw thiab cov kev txuas sab hauv siv tib lub URL raug cai.
- Sitemap qhib tau thiab tau xa rau hauv property kom raug lawm.
- Cov URL tseem ceeb dhau Test live URL lawm.
- Paub lawm tias yuav mus saib Page indexing qhov twg tom qab kho.
Xaus lus
Yog xav kom Google sau koj lub website, tsis txhob xa sitemap xwb. Xyuas kom tseeb tias property raug txheeb xyuas lawm, Googlebot nkag tau, kho tej robots.txt lossis noindex uas thaiv yuam kev, siv sitemap kom raug, tsim cov kev txuas sab hauv thiab tshuaj xyuas cov URL tseem ceeb siv URL Inspection.
Nco ntsoov tias: kev sau cov ntaub ntawv tsis txhais hais tias tau muab tso rau hauv index, thiab kev muab tso rau hauv index kuj tsis lav tias yuav tau qeb duas siab. Yog URL dhau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thev naus laus zis lawm tab sis tseem tsis tau tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, mus saib Page indexing thiab kho qhov laj thawj tiag es tsis txhob xa tib qho lus thov ntawd dua ntau zaus.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv
- Ask Google to Recrawl Your URLs— Google Search Central.
- Google Search Technical Requirements— Google Search Central.
- Block Search Indexing with noindex— Google Search Central.
- Build and Submit a Sitemap— Google Search Central.
- Add a website or platform property to Search Console— Search Console Help.
- Inspect and troubleshoot a single page— Search Console Help.
