Lo lus teb luv luv: yog tias ib tug neeg dog dig tuaj yeem paub tias tus neeg nto moo twg nyob hauv ib qho AI quảng cáo, yuav tsum muab kev pom zoo thiab daim ntawv tso cai sau ua ntawv cia ua thawj yam uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Daim ntawv tso cai yuav tsum npog raws nraim yam uas siv — npe, ntsej muag, suab, duab, suab kaw lossis daim qauv digital — nrog rau lub hom phiaj, khoom, cheeb tsam, sijhawm, channel thiab txoj kev kho hloov.
Qhov AI tsim tau ib daim ntawv tshiab tsis txhais tias txoj cai ntawm tus neeg uas raug ua qauv tau ploj mus. Koj tseem yuav tsum kuaj xyuas copyright ntawm duab, yeeb yaj kiab, suab kaw lossis ntaub ntawv siv ua tswv yim; qhov pheej hmoo uas cov neeg siv yuav to taub yuam kev tias tus neeg nto moo tau lees paub cov khoom; thiab txoj cai yuav tsum qhia meej tias cov ntsiab lus tau tsim lossis hloov los ntawm tshuab. Nov yog xov xwm dav dav xwb, tsis yog hloov tau lus qhia los ntawm kws lij choj hauv qhov chaw tsim, tshaj tawm lossis tsom rau quảng cáo ntawd.
AI quảng cáo yuav cuam tshuam rau pawg cai twg?
Tsis muaj ib hom “copyright ntawm duab” uas siv ib yam nkaus thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lub npe, thaj tsam tiv thaiv thiab sijhawm siv tau ntawm txhua txoj cai yog nyob ntawm txoj cai lij choj thiab daim ntawv cog lus hauv txhua qhov chaw. Txawm li ntawd los, tus neeg npaj phiaj xwm tuaj yeem pib los ntawm daim ntawv qhia txoj cai hauv qab no:
| Pawg cai lossis luag haujlwm | Tiv thaiv lossis tswj yam twg? | Piv txwv ntawm kev pheej hmoo |
|---|---|---|
| Txoj cai publicity lossis txoj cai siv tus neeg lub cim qhia tau | Npe, ntsej muag, suab, kos npe, cev nqaij daim tawv lossis lwm yam uas ua rau pej xeem paub ib tug neeg thaum siv rau lub hom phiaj lag luam, nyob ntawm txoj cai siv. | Tsim ib tug narrator uas muaj lub suab thiab txoj kev hais lus ua rau cov neeg saib ntseeg tias yog tus kws kos duab tiag tab tom qhia cov khoom. |
| Copyright | Duab, yeeb yaj kiab, suab kaw, nkauj, ntawv sau, qauv tsim lossis lwm yam haujlwm uas siv hauv quảng cáo lossis siv ua ntaub ntawv tswv yim. | Nqa ib feem ntawm kev xam phaj, nkauj lossis duab xov xwm los tsim cov ntsiab lus lag luam uas tseem tsis tau muaj txoj cai luam, hloov lossis siv. |
| Txoj cai ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam thiab lwm txoj cai cuam tshuam | Kev ua yeeb yam, suab kaw, duab kaw thiab txoj cai ntawm tus tswv tsim suab kaw, nyob ntawm txhua lub teb chaws txoj cai lij choj. | Tsuas thov kev tso cai ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj xwb, tiam sis tseem tsis tau thov kev tso cai ntawm tus tswv suab kaw uas siv los tsim daim qauv suab. |
| Trademark thiab cov cim lag luam | Npe siv ua yeeb yam, logo, lus tshaj tawm lossis cov cim uas ua rau pej xeem txuas tus neeg ntawd lossis ib hom lag luam. | Siv tus kws kos duab lub npe lossis lub cim uas cuam tshuam nrog tus ntawd kom zoo li muaj kev koom tes raug cai. |
| Txoj cai quảng cáo thiab kev tiv thaiv neeg siv khoom | Qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus thov, qhov muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj tau thiab kev qhia meej txog kev sib raug zoo lag luam. | Cia daim qauv suab hais tias “kuv tau siv cov khoom no lawm” thaum tus neeg nto moo yeej tsis tau siv lossis tsis tau hais cov lus ntawd. |
Tebchaws Meskas Copyright Office piav tias “digital replica” yuav suav nrog duab, suab lossis yeeb yaj kiab uas ua qauv raws ib tug neeg; daim ntawv tshaj tawm kuj tham txog qhov uas cov cai tiv thaiv quảng cáo dag ntxias yuav siv tau thaum daim qauv digital ua rau cov neeg siv to taub yuam kev lossis siv tus neeg ntawd lub koob meej (raws li copyright.gov). Nov yog ib qho piv txwv hauv Tebchaws Meskas xwb, tsis yog ib qho kev txiav txim uas siv tau ncaj qha rau txhua lub teb chaws.
Thaum twg yuav tsum suav tias daim ntawv tso cai yog yam yuav tsum muaj?
Yuav tsum suav tias daim ntawv tso cai yog yam tsim nyog yog tias ib tug neeg dog dig tuaj yeem paub tus neeg nto moo thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawd siv los tshaj tawm khoom, muag khoom, caw sau npe lossis ua rau xav tias tus neeg ntawd tau lees paub.
- Siv tus neeg ntawd daim duab, npe lossis suab tiag ncaj qha: txheeb xyuas seb leej twg muaj cai tso cai thiab seb txoj cai ntawd puas npog lub hom phiaj quảng cáo.
- Siv daim qauv tsim los ntawm AI: kuaj cais seb puas muaj cai tsim, khaws cia, kho, tshaj tawm thiab rov siv daim qauv; tsis txhob xav tias cov cai ntawd cia li muaj hauv daim ntawv tso cai siv duab ib txwm.
- Ua qauv yam tsis hais npe: tsis yog ib txwm muaj kev nyab xeeb. Yog tias pej xeem tseem yooj yim paub tias yog ib tug neeg twg, qhov pheej hmoo cuam tshuam rau txoj cai siv tus neeg lub cim qhia tau lossis quảng cáo ua rau nkag siab yuam kev kuj tseem muaj.
- Siv tus neeg uas twb tuag lawm daim duab: kuaj xyuas txoj cai hais txog kev tiv thaiv tom qab tuag, cov txais qub txeeg qub teg lossis lub koom haum tswj cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Lub sijhawm thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav sib txawv.
- Siv hauv xov xwm, kev thuam tshuaj xyuas lossis haujlwm kos duab: tej zaum muaj kev zam hauv qee qhov chaw, tiam sis tsis tsim nyog cia li nthuav qhov kev zam rau kev hais tawm mus siv rau quảng cáo muag khoom.
California Civil Jury Instructions piav txog cov kev thov uas cuam tshuam rau kev txhob txwm siv lwm tus lub npe, suab, kos npe, duab lossis duab qhia tus kheej rau lub hom phiaj lag luam. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv raws California txoj cai, tsis yog txoj cai siv thoob ntiaj teb (raws li courts.ca.gov).
Daim ntawv tso cai AI yuav tsum sau meej txog dab tsi?
Ib kab lus xws li “tso cai siv duab” feem ntau nqaim dhau rau kev tswj ib lub phiaj xwm AI. Ua ib lub rooj sib piv ua ntej kos npe:
| Yam yuav tsum sau | Lo lus nug rau kev siv tiag |
|---|---|
| Yam khoom lossis tus kheej | Txoj cai puas npog lub npe, npe siv ua yeeb yam, ntsej muag, suab, suab hu nkauj, tes taw, kos npe, ntaub ntawv duab thiab suab kaw twg? |
| AI cov haujlwm | Puas tso cai khaws qauv, tshuaj xyuas, cob qhia, tsim daim qauv, hloov ntawv mus ua suab, sync daim di ncauj, hloov ntsej muag, kho lossis tsim cov qauv tshiab? |
| Lub hom phiaj thiab khoom | Tsuas siv rau lub phiaj xwm lossis cov khoom twg? Puas tso cai rov siv rau lwm hom lag luam? |
| Cov channel thiab thaj chaw siv | Puas yuav tshaj tawm hauv social media, TV, website, khw muag khoom online lossis kev tshaj tawm sab nraum zoov? Yuav tshaj tawm hauv lub tebchaws lossis cheeb tsam twg? |
| Lub sijhawm siv thiab khaws cia | Yuav siv mus txog hnub twg? Puas tso cai rov siv, txhais ua lwm yam lus lossis khaws daim qauv tom qab kev tshaj tawm xaus? |
| Kev pom zoo | Leej twg yog tus pom zoo rau tsab ntawv, lub suab nyeem, daim duab kawg, cov lus txhais thiab lub ntsiab lus uas cov ntsiab lus tshwm sim hauv? |
| Cov kev txwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus | Puas muaj qee yam lag luam uas txwv lossis yuav tsum tau kev pom zoo ntxiv, xws li tshuaj, khoom noj ntxiv, nyiaj txiag, kev nom kev tswv, kev twv txiaj lossis cov ntsiab lus rau menyuam yaus? |
| Kev tso cai ntxiv rau lwm tus | Puas tso cai rau lub brand muab txoj cai ntawd rau lub koom haum sawv cev, advertising platform, tus tsim khoom lossis AI provider? |
| Kev txiav thiab kev rho tawm | Thaum txiav kev tso cai, leej twg yuav tsum tso tseg kev tshaj tawm, tshem cov ntawv theej, rho cov qauv thiab daws cov ntawv tsim uas tseem nyob hauv advertising platform? |
| Kev lav ris | Leej twg yuav lav ris yog tias cov ntsiab lus siv dhau qhov tau tso cai, tsim cov lus thov tsis tseeb lossis raug lwm tus foob? |
Yam tsawg kawg uas yuav tsum sau tseg: “Cov khoom muaj cai siv: [mô tả]. Kev siv AI: [tạo/chỉnh sửa/bản sao giọng nói]. Khoom thiab kev tshaj tawm: [tên]. Channel: [danh sách]. Thaj chaw siv: [danh sách]. Lub sijhawm siv: [ngày bắt đầu–ngày kết thúc]. Tus neeg pom zoo: [tên/chức danh].” Qhov no tsuas yog daim qauv rau kev tshuaj xyuas xwb, tsis yog daim ntawv cog lus tiav.
Lub suab theej tau yuav tsim ib lo lus lees paub cuav li cas?
Qhov kev pheej hmoo loj tsis yog tsuas yog “lub suab mloog zoo ib yam” xwb. Qhov teeb meem yog qhov kev tshaj tawm yuav ua rau cov neeg saib ntseeg tias tus neeg nto moo ntawd tau hais, tau siv lossis tab tom pom zoo rau yam khoom ntawd.
Piv txwv xav txog: ib lub tuam txhab siv tus hu nkauj A lub suab theej tau los nyeem tias “Kuv haus yam khoom no txhua hnub thiab pom tias kuv noj qab haus huv dua qub.” Yog A yeej tsis tau siv yam khoom ntawd, yeej tsis tau hais lo lus ntawd lossis yeej tsis tau tso cai kom muab nws lo lus lees paub coj los ua qauv, qhov kev tshaj tawm yuav ua rau neeg to taub yuam kev txawm tias lub tuam txhab muaj daim ntawv tso cai siv lub suab dav dav los xij.
FTC cov lus qhia hauv Tebchaws Meskas hais tias tus neeg nto moo cov lus lees paub yuav tsum qhia txog nws qhov kev paub lossis kev xav uas muaj tseeb; yog qhov kev tshaj tawm qhia tias tus neeg nto moo tau siv yam khoom ntawd, tus neeg ntawd yuav tsum tau siv tiag. Cov lus qhia tseem hais tias, yog siv tus neeg nto moo tus avatar los hais lus zoo txog yam khoom uas tsis tau txais kev tso cai, tej zaum cov neeg siv yuav to taub tias tus neeg ntawd tau lees paub yam khoom ntawd (raws li ftc.gov).
Yog li, ua ntej tsim cov ntsiab lus, yuav tsum faib hom script kom meej:
- Tus cwj pwm cuav: qhia meej tias yog tus cwj pwm tsim los ntawm computer thiab tsis txhob hais txog ib qho kev paub ntawm tus kheej uas muaj tseeb.
- Lo lus lees paub: siv tsuas yog thaum tus neeg nto moo ntawd yeej muaj qhov kev paub uas phim, cov ntsiab lus tau txais kev pom zoo thiab tau khaws cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tseg.
- Lub suab nyeem uas tau ntiav: muaj cai siv lub suab tsis tau txhais tias tus neeg ntawd pom zoo rau txhua lo lus thov hauv kev tshaj tawm.
Daim ntawv lo AI puas hloov tau daim ntawv tso cai?
Tsis tau. Kev lo daim ntawv AI thiab kev thov cai siv yog ob yam haujlwm sib txawv. Daim ntawv lo tsis tshem txoj cai siv tus neeg ntawd cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau paub tau, copyright lossis kev lav ris rau kev tshaj tawm uas ua rau neeg to taub yuam kev; tib lub sijhawm, muaj daim ntawv tso cai kuj tsis txhais tias ib txwm raug zam ntawm txoj cai qhia kom meej.
Hauv European Union, Tshooj 50 ntawm Artificial Intelligence Act teem qee lub luag haujlwm rau kev tshaj tawm meej txog cov duab, suab lossis video uas tsim lossis hloov kho los ntawm AI, nrog rau tej rooj plaub uas cov ntsiab lus dhau los ua deepfake; txoj cai no kuj teev txog txoj kev yuav tsum tshaj tawm thiab qee qhov kev zam rau tej hauj lwm kos duab, muaj tswv yim, thuam luag lossis dab neeg cuav (raws li eur-lex.europa.eu). Kev siv tiag tiag tseem nyob ntawm tus neeg koom tes lub luag haujlwm, lub sijhawm thiab thaj tsam ntawm kev lag luam.
Yog tshaj tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws, yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas txhua lub khw thiab txhua lub platform cov kev cai. Ib daim ntawv lo uas nkag siab yooj yim yuav yog: “Cov duab thiab lub suab hauv daim video no tau tsim lossis hloov kho los ntawm AI.” Tsis tsim nyog muab daim ntawv lo tso rau qhov chaw uas pom nyuaj lossis siv lus tsis meej los npog qhov tseeb tias yog cov ntsiab lus tsim los ntawm computer.
Txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas ua ntej tshaj tawm
- Kos daim duab qhia txog yam uas ua rau neeg paub tau: sau tag nrho lub ntsej muag, lub suab, lub npe, lub npe hu ua, zaj nkauj, kab lus, txoj kev taug kev, hom plaub hau, ris tsho thiab qhov chaw uas muaj yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.
- Txheeb xyuas tus neeg muaj cai tso cai: tej zaum yog tus neeg ntawd kiag, lub tuam txhab tswj hwm, record label, tus tsim khoom, tus txais qub txeeg qub teg, lub koom haum tswj hwm cov cuab yeej cuab tam lossis tus tswv ntawm daim recording.
- Nyeem daim ntawv cog lus cais raws li txhua txoj cai: nrhiav cov nqe lus hais txog voice, digital replica, synthetic media, AI, training, derivative works, sublicensing thiab advertising; tsis txhob nrhiav tsuas yog lo lus “image rights” xwb.
- Tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv: txheeb xyuas txoj cai siv rau cov duab, video, recording, zaj nkauj, script thiab voice data. Khaws qhov chaw tau los thiab daim ntawv tso cai uas phim rau txhua yam.
- Tshuaj xyuas cov lus xa mus: kos cim cov kab lus siv thawj tus neeg, cov lus hais tias twb tau siv yam khoom, cov lus thov txog txiaj ntsig thiab cov ntsiab lus uas hais hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
- Tshuaj xyuas cov khw: sau cov npe ntawm txhua qhov chaw uas tej zaum cov neeg yuav pom qhov kev tshaj tawm, tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw uas lub tuam txhab muaj chaw nyob xwb.
- Tsim daim ntawv lo: txiav txim cov ntsiab lus, qhov chaw tso, sijhawm ntev, qhov loj thiab hom lus; xyuas daim qauv kawg ntawm txhua lub channel.
- Khaws cov ntaub ntawv: khaws daim ntawv cog lus, cov ntawv txuas ntxiv, cov ntaub ntawv pom zoo, qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg txog kev tsim cov ntsiab lus, daim qauv kawg thiab daim ntawv teev cov platform.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kws lij choj: kom muaj kev tshuaj xyuas hauv lub lag luam uas muaj feem cuam tshuam, tshwj xeeb yog thaum tshaj tawm txog kev noj qab haus huv, nyiaj txiag, nom tswv, menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg uas tau tas sim neej lawm.
Nyeem daim qauv ib zaug ntxiv zoo li yog tus neeg siv khoom: “Kuv puas yuav xav tias tus neeg nto moo no yeej tau hais, tau siv lossis lees paub cov khoom no tiag?” Yog lo lus teb yog muaj, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tau li ntawd, tsum tsis txhob tso tawm thiab hloov tsab ntawv lossis hloov thaj tsam ntawm cov cai uas tau tso cai.
Yog koj tab tom tshuaj xyuas ib qho video lossis ib qho suab kaw uas zoo li yog tus neeg nto moo tab tom hais lus, koj kuj tuaj yeem saib ntxiv txog txoj kev txheeb xyuas video thiab suab cuav. Kev ntes tau cov ntsiab lus cuav tsis hloov qhov txheej txheem thov kev tso cai thaum koj yog tus tsim qhov kev tshaj tawm.
Cov kev xav yuam kev uas yooj yim ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo
- “Kuv tsuas siv prompt piav qhia xwb, tsis siv daim duab tiag.” Yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ua rau pej xeem paub tau tias yog ib tus neeg twg thiab siv los muag khoom, qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem tsis tau ploj mus.
- “Kuv twb sau meej tias yog AI lawm, yog li tsis tas thov kev tso cai.” Kev cim kom pom meej tias yog AI tsis tshem tawm ncaj qha cov cai ntawm tus kheej lub npe thiab duab, copyright lossis lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tshaj tawm.
- “Daim duab nyob hauv Internet, yog li siv tau.” Kev pom tau rau sawv daws tsis txhais tias koj muaj cai luam, hloov kho thiab siv ua lag luam.
- “Tus neeg nto moo twb tso cai lawm, yog li txhua yam khoom siv tau.” Tus neeg ntawd tej zaum tsis yog tus tswv copyright ntawm daim duab, daim suab kaw lossis ntu yeeb yaj kiab uas lwm tus tsim.
- “Kuv tsuas sim hauv lub koom haum xwb.” Yog twb muab qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom, cov koom tes, cov neeg nqis peev lossis pab pawg neeg siv sab nraud lawm, kev hu tias yog siv hauv koom haum xwb kuj tsis tas yuav tshem tau qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- “Kuv tsuas siv ib zaug xwb.” Qhov kev tshaj tawm kuj tseem yuav nyob hauv lub tsev khaws khoom tshaj tawm, cov ntawv tshaj tawm uas lwm tus rov muab qhia, cov ntawv txhais lossis cov version luv.
Yog cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus, yuav tsum tsum thiab rov kho li cas?
Ua ntej tso tawm, yog tsis muaj ib txoj cai tseem ceeb twg, ces tsim nyog hloov mus siv daim qauv uas tsis ua rau leej twg paub tau tias yog tus neeg twg, thov ntxiv daim ntawv tso cai lossis tsum qhov phiaj xwm. Yog twb tso qhov kev tshaj tawm tawm lawm:
- Nres ib ntus qhov kev faib tawm thiab qhov kev tshaj tawm them nyiaj.
- Tshem daim qauv uas tseem tsis tau txais kev tso cai tawm ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom sab hauv, advertising platform thiab cov channel pej xeem uas koj tseem tswj tau.
- Qhia rau lub koom haum sawv cev, cov koom tes thev naus laus zis thiab cov neeg faib tawm txog thaj tsam uas yuav tsum nres siv.
- Khaws cov pov thawj txog version, lub sijhawm tso tawm thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv; tsis txhob rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas.
- Tsuas tso tawm dua tom qab kho cov cai, tsab ntawv lossis daim cim qhia meej thiab tau txais kev pom zoo tshiab lawm xwb.
Peb lo lus nug los txiav txim ua ntej khiav qhov kev tshaj tawm
- Cov neeg saib puas yuav paub tias yog leej twg? Yog paub, sau kom tiav txhua txoj cai uas cuam tshuam rau tus neeg ntawd.
- Cov neeg saib puas yuav to taub tias tus neeg ntawd tau hais, tau siv lossis tau lees paub cov khoom no? Yog muaj, tshuaj xyuas qhov tseeb, kev pom zoo thiab cov cai hais txog kev lees paub khoom.
- Cov ntaub ntawv puas ua pov thawj tau tias qhov kev siv nyob hauv thaj tsam uas tau tso cai? Yog tseem tsis tau sau meej txog cov cuab yeej, kev siv AI, lub hom phiaj, thaj chaw, lub sijhawm siv, channel thiab cai tso cai rau lwm tus siv dua, ces tseem tsis tsim nyog tso tawm.
Lo lus nug tseem ceeb tsis yog “AI puas ua tau?”, tiam sis yog: leej twg muaj cai tso cai, tso cai tau deb npaum li cas, thiab cov neeg saib yuav to taub qhov kev tshaj tawm no li cas?
Cov ntaub ntawv siv
- Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 1: Digital Replicas — U.S. Copyright Office.
- Advertising FAQ’s: A Guide for Small Business — Federal Trade Commission.
- The Consumer Reviews and Testimonials Rule: Questions and Answers — Federal Trade Commission.
- Judicial Council of California Civil Jury Instructions 2026 — Judicial Council of California.
- Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 — EUR-Lex.
